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Linux is easy to Install and use! (OS Install & Application Install)

Link: Slackware 12.2 is released!

Fedora 10 has been released also, There is an 11 Beta too

You can skip this bit To >>> below (recommended if you don't have a sense of humour) Jump
We could say if we recommended to people that they use Mac or Windows or PPC or X64, X86 or solaris or something to have a modern full featured OS, that one of those would be the best of them (because they are commercially built and driven in their survival by economic success as proofing).

Finally it will only be the decision of the user to choose a modern GUI operated(non command line) user assistive Operating System. An opinion of modern Operating System is based on knowing them by using them (here in this article), but i can't say it is worth anything more than an opinion.

Let me paint the picture, in order , to create the illusion that people have the abillity to type in a domain that can give them any information they require related the keywords' subject they require to cease any ingnorance they have in such a matter they need to know about, and, will be able if sensibility commits get some true type of cross-reference of the information of they need, remembering that their ability to recognise and comprehend the information is not actually possible unless they can absolutely exceed or match comprehension levels required of the information supplied to assist their abillities in making a decision and discrimination levels of communicated implied represented indexed request key definition terminology....

If you have say for example a situation where there are two sets of information repositories on either side of an imaginary line (since we can't actually describe the perfect absolute situation its in), and they each have much the same abilities(some sort of match) to handle information given them to commit their response request phases of interaction for that they are designed (say the higher language produced interface systems of programs that allow construction of systematic processing and redistribution of data in a likened and compatible form that communicates its purpose with the levels of efficiency produced for such activity by comparative or complimentary instruction set processes designed to commit parallel enactions of data processing inside common bounds of usage), your not able to predict the final result of that interaction until after its occurred because of factors that are beyond the control of both the requester and responder.

What we do know is that if we pack a system of communication code of some sort of language that we do know does the job of discriminating the requester or responders requirements of returned data we can get some sort of result that will have shown some sort of meaning because it can be recognised as its own individually identifiable and unmistakable morphii as results that can be used.

While we can abbhorate that there will be some "level of efficiency" of selection of matching data returned, it does not mean that it will be the same data each time that is returned, and if we use our knowledge of the difference between evaluating the data as what we can have, from what we will get, because, we must have a finite efficiency level from the input data level of discriminations efficiency of description parameters accuracy returned, we will not get the same data exactly unless that is the exact same environment situation it is processed in of that environment could change at any moment or remain static for some period.

We simply know that there are bounds of which are acceptable and able to produce some sort of result that will match what we're after.

In my opinion its not the open source operating systems method of inception and delivery that make the point of being a user friendly system, its the commercial advertising and commercial supply method for commercialy built operating systems that make open source systems available and user friendly.

>>>Largely people do not use or think of Linux as an Operating System to use for day to day or Home computing from the perspective as simply a user and not a developer or IT trained person. That is easy to comprehend when observing the use of internet cafe's by the majority of people being literate to computer use in Windows OS and the appearance of problems of configuring an application installation comparatively between windows OS and Linux. Linux does have for many day to day used software items a more easy install system, and , larger software vendors or writers who have such affordence of ability do create some windows-like ".bin" executable-setup installs but the majority of simple and available installs in the easy Linux type has its description in the next section called "Obtaining and installing applications" and would be all novice and non-IT users preference. Briefly a little quantity more about Linux's simplicity:
Linux's window system is called "x-windows"(x-11) or simply "x" and has like functionality to any user friendly modern operating system that uses a GUI(Graphic User Interface).
Many installations of Linux offer during setup/install of the Linux Operating System to integrate the abillity to use files from the file system of other OS's on the disk.This is at fundamental level only access of reading and writing data files from or to the filesystem partition of other OS's(accessing) but extremely useful for surfers.Flash, html, XML and most file types that are web designed are constructable and usable after cross platform transfer.More specialised applications to use other platform files applications or data do exist but their availability and specs are too numerous and intricate to bother for here.

Obtaining and installing applications

While there is some small level of difficulty more in Linux installs if you use the utility (method / system) called "make" to install it does not have as much a valid problem to excuse shirking its use that anyone would think. Linux also uses a file with the file-name extension ".rpm" called a package(alike .exe). Packages are distributed with all types of distribution of Linux system OS. Packages are made for all types of applications e.g. Audio,Video,web/internet,databasing visual editing/graphic arts or text,games and many more uses. Packages can be found and downloaded from the distribution or generic distribution's(OS) site and many other Linux software sites as specified with a versioning of the product they offer.
To use an RPM file is easy and is handled by an application most if not all distributions have called the
"Package Manager". The package manager will load the .rpm file after either you choose it from a file chooser box or will list it from the installation cd's record of known packages. If you want to remove a package you assert the list to being
the installed set of applications in its GUI,find it then remove it.

The things to "must know" before installing applications from a .tar.XXX archive

Unload the archive with e.g. "ark" application and be sure to use the folder structure when unloading. As similar to a DOS prompt(command line) is the use of the "shell prompt" in a "terminal" programme window. There will be one there somewhere on the programme menu list(usually under the "system" heading). This process is not too difficult either it simply is a little tricky because you must check the READ-ME file in the install source folder and know the install method type before running the install. The read me could specify that you must at least trigger a ".sh" script called "configure" before running the install ".sh" or ".bin" file. Completely first be sure you are logged into your system as the super user.
1. Use the "chdir" command to change directory into the installation source folder e.g."chdir /home/meself/installappfolder" Note: In the GUI folder window's tool-bar can be found on a menu(Konqueror file browser) two useful similarities to the postceding and preceding description of "command-line terminal". They are a menu tab for "execute command" and "run shell command". Also opening the folder in the file-browser is equivalent to "chdir" command into the directory.
2. If the file is a ".bin" file or the actual "install.sh" script you must check that its file permission is set as "executable". as any other file such as "configure.sh"(if one is present).
3. Type in(for shell scripts) "./" (dot forward slash) then the installer file-name and press return or enter as applicable to your keyboard. e.g.
/home/meself/installappfolder/netscape-install#./configure.sh
or e.g.
/home/meself/installappfolder/netscape-install#./netscape-installer.sh
3(b) Dependent your system configuration you could be required to use the same command in an alternative way, by use of the command line. That involves starting the command from the top of the machine "/" so the above example command would then be
/home/meself/installappfolder/netscape-install/netscape-installer.sh
or another way again, any of the above but in "the" "super user terminal" not the standard supplied terminal on the desktop task bar. Using the full path is more commonly required for .bin files.
A usual install generaly requires only three commands in sequence at default syntax level after cd 'ing into the directory of the install source folder that appear alike this "./configure" then "make" then "make install"
NOTE: dependent the install complexity and size of install , nothing will appear to occur for 30 seconds to 2 minutes but liscence agreements to be answered on a prompt will appear probabley almost instantly. 4. Dependent the liscence and agreement method varification you could be required to page/scroll along the terminal window and read the liscence agreement then answer by typing in "y" or "n" regarding the agreement of terms of software use. Assuming you type "y" if that system of agreement was required then the install should start.
Finally
Often it is required to find the final destination of the install (known as the "target") and make a link to the desktop of either a ".bin" or ".sh" application starter. You can do that by opening your "Desktop" folder and dragging the starter file into the Desktop folder window then releasing it and choosing then clicking "link here" from the instant pop-up menu.
Two more Items.
In ordinary use as a user you will possibly not have permission to use the application until as the super user you assign to the application folder that user name and group of that user having permission to all files and the folders of the application. Right-click on the file and select the "properties" from the menu. Then reset the permissions form for the folder and its contents. This previous is often referred to as "post install configuration" of is the simplest example, some applications require the adjustment and editing of system configuration files after install to set program directory defaults or other required application operation meta data to operate properly. One such file required to edit is often e.g. /etc/proc .

(Install) An easy typical setup configuration and some install tips

To install Linux will require some space on your hard drive of around 6Gb minimum(Gb=Giga Byte). If you have an operating system on your drive (e.g. Windows) its partition and logical drives will be recognised by the Linux setup programme and you will probably be asked some time to name each logical drive later in the setup.If your drive does not contain enough space you will be asked to create some by freeing space from the other OS(if existent) using either CFDISK or some Linux-install-SETUP GUI utility. NOTE: CFDISK can usually be jumped into from the first or near first choice console of any install-CD and is recommendable for novice or user because of its simplicity and control over partition identification that an install programme will commit on install start when searching your disk for a suitable partition. A common warning given by the disk utilities is to "back-up data on the drive to be resized or data loss could occur". If you can spare a drive you use for "data only" obviously it will either be required to remove the data to a removable storage device or shift it onto another drive.It suggested here that if critical installed programmes are present on a drive you wish simply to resize that you do not proceed because of a special file called an "unmoveable file". Linux will overwrite that if present in the cylinder position but if you are prepared to remove and re-install the application(s) before or after Linux's setup then that can be deemed as would be if the drive were data only. If you do not have enough space on that disk for both then you will need to buy another or second disk and install that(nothing we can do about it here).

When you create the logical drives for Linux your best action(since this is in context to either novice or simple user not IT or Proffessional use) is to create the compulsory swap drive as 250Mb or if your disk and space is much larger than 6Gb(e.g. 30Gb allocated to Linux) a swap of 500Mb.The next part of the strategy has a special reason to it and is a peice of subtle safety help for your system.Linux will then need ordinary filesystem and space written(formatted) in Ext2(Extension 2 file system format) and will require a compulsory drive called the "root" drive name indicated by a forward slash "/"(is the equivalent to Windows "My Computer").Choose all the available space allocated for linux(not the recently created swap drive) and format it as root "/". The reason for this is to give as much possible space to a psuedo drive that is identified as a folder called "/tmp" alike to windows c:\temp.Unix's system is a little much to explain here but it is as much a drive(device) as a folder and during your desires and activities of stuffing software down the computers throat it could become choked and if you did not choose to "Empty temp" as a default at computer start up You would need to empty it manually using "Rescue Disk" from the install CD. This last problem should be remembered and would be difficult for novices as it would also be time consuming to do in shell prompt of "rescue disk"(on the first Install CD/DVD).

When choosing packages it is not a good idea to remove any individual default packages or the system possibly will not boot into your desired window manager e.g. "Gnome" window manager. NOTE here also do not try experimental window systems or window generators or any experimental stuff or your activities with Linux will have been a clap ridden whirlwind(and be your opinion of it).

Another Note: If you have an v9.x level Linux or older install either obtain Open Office Org. from a Magazine CD(if it has it)or download it(if your net is fast enough around 100Mb) or download it at an Internet Cafe and burn it to disk there It has drawing (Imaging), spreadsheet, office editing/writing and printing facillities. It requires around 300Mb of space to install it. Although most if not all Linux versions are supplied with it to this date and will not be required for a recent version e.g. 10.x. After install is completed and you boot into the new Linux OS, many larger applications for office and imaging(such as "The Gimp" an equal and alike in some being of Adobe Photoshop type imaging application) will be required to then be installed by a setup but is only for registration purposes and nothing more than clicking the desktop apps menu link and going through its setup wizard.

If you have your modem or network card ready and installed physically then connect it to the line and be sure it is switched on when the package installation is finnished for it to be detected(probed)but as much the setup disk probes hardware(usually only for the CD-ROM identity)at the start section of setup but it does not appear to be a problem if it isn't on at the beginning.

Linux has a system of putting in a boot loader(also OS loader-chooser) and if you have windows i have found the best action is to allow setup to overwrite the "MBR section" with the new loader so access can be made with either Grub or Lilo(linux's boot loaders(usually Lilo)) menu at boot/computer start up time.Hre is a picture of LILO boot start up menu but remember it is not showing choice of windows above or below the word "Linux" as it would if windows were installed on the disk first.
NOTE: Always make a booting floppy disk during the OS setup finalisations.

Finally
With magazine disk installs always read the articles and instructions related to the offered OS in the magazine, Some of these promotional OS's are a little experimental and specialised so don't try them if they are for permanent-installation-direct-experimentation,but, that is rare from them. A list of standard common Linux OS systems(distros) is next on this page.

Install (finalistaion) You need to know this

Both Linux and Windows have, Users , groups and security setting systems of login and password. In Linux (unlike windows) The setup will require you to place two passwords into the new system for two users. One user is always called "root" and the other will be the computer user. "root" is the administrator of the computer and the login is only ever called root. The reason for this is that under "super user mode" (su -) or root the machine will not discriminate any process attempting to trigger use or modify files because it presumes that every management action is authentic.
When you use the installed applications the computer user will have access to many of the applications supplied but no ability to modify them until the machine is in super user mode, and secondly, the computer user will be required to store their files under the user "home" partition/directory.
In windows often the cause of viruses taking effect is there is no login system (for home users) because of the install system used. Those are able to be setup later in windows but it is not compulsory. In Linux and UNIX it is compulsory to have these systems of at least two user logins of that at least one is the "super user" (top administrator account) and the other is a standard protected computer user.

You can place applications (install) into the user directory but you will need to add the user the directory for others if your computer has other users or root will be the only other user. Also note, when installing any applications you could find the problem the executables (e.g. .sh script or .bin) do not run that is often because it has not been "set executable" on its file attributes, simply right click on the starter icon and change the appropriate attribute set with the checkboxes.
A final note, when logging in you should also have your caps lock on the keyboard switched off (standard in unix), but to type your password you can use capital letters in the login or password.

Note: One of the best Linux apps for internet connection i have found is in the KDE window manager called "kppp" Note: For hardware compatibillity it is difficult to know,always check before point of sale for information relating if the device (e.g. printer,scanner.joy-stick) has "Linux compatibillity" or is supplied with a device driver on its setup disk. Many new devices sold now have "Linux compatibillity" but it is wise to ask and find exactlty something suitable. Many manufacturers now support the Linux OS with their products.

For all the new web/internet services in modern browsing e.g. AJAX,XML-XSLT,XUL,RSS and other technologies using Linux get either/and, this browser
Netscape 9
and
Mozilla.org Sea Monkey
If for some reason you need to add the GTK2 libs dependency go here for download
GTK2 Runtime libraries at www.gtk.org
or here
GTK2 Runtime libraries
and if you seriously need the GLib 2.2.X (but installing a newer version of The Gimp from around the distribution time you use could solve this also)
Glib 2.2.x www.gtk.org
or
Glib 2.2.x
These are reasonably much CD into the source directory, then run './configure' then, 'make' , then 'make install' .

If you want a media player for DVD mpeg/mpg codecs, this does some of them
VLC Media Player (VideoLan.org)

Enabling your browser AJAX
To use AJAX in mozilla browsers requires going to this browser internal URL about:config(note that you must type it into the address bar of the browser yourself) and changing the "signed.applets.codebase_principal_support" toggling it to "true" for value on your right click context menu.Now restart your browser and your browser will be able to use AJAX javascripts.

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SCREEN SHOT

(information update: Sept 20-20-2008 10:00pm EST see the instruction page at www.nicephotog-jsp.net)
If you want a shell script editor for Linux and other languages I have a JAVA2 Application downloadable here under development.
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SUcommanderXer last pre beta INFORMATION(PDF)
for other extra operation information you will require to sign into the site at www.nicephotog-jvm.net and find the SUcommanderXer information page
and downloadable from here (Linux Users)
[.zip "unpak using folder names(structure)"] SUcommanderXer Last Pre Beta(v-PB-20-06-2009) editor (min 1024 x 768)
and downloadable from here (Windows Users)
[.EXE] SUcommanderXer Last Pre Beta(v-PB-20-06-2009) editor (min 1024 x 768)
The application text editing has minor support for text encoding schemes too.

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